Gossypol

Adekunle, A. O., Arowojolu, A. O., Adejuwon, C. A., Okpara, N. C., and Ladipo, O. A. Seminal plasma zinc level in users of gossypol. Afr.J.Med.Med.Sci. 1999;28(1-2):1-4. View abstract.

Adlakha, R. C., Ashorn, C. L., Chan, D., and Zwelling, L. A. Modulation of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide-induced, topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage by gossypol. Cancer Res. 4-15-1989;49(8):2052-2058. View abstract.

Aitken, J. Future developments in contraception. Practitioner 1988;232(1441):46-52. View abstract.

Aitken, R. J. New techniques in contraception: gossypol, vaccines and GnRH analogues. Proc.Annu.Symp.Eugen.Soc. 1983;19:1-18. View abstract.

Aitken, R. J., Liu, J., Best, F. S., and Richardson, D. W. An analysis of the direct effects of gossypol on human spermatozoa. Int.J.Androl 1983;6(2):157-167. View abstract.

Badawy, S. Z., Souid, A. K., Cuenca, V., Montalto, N., and Shue, F. Gossypol inhibits proliferation of endometrioma cells in culture. Asian J Androl 2007;9(3):388-393. View abstract.

Balci, A., Sahin, F. I., and Ekmekci, A. Gossypol induced apoptosis in the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL 60. Tohoku J.Exp.Med. 1999;189(1):51-57. View abstract.

Band, V., Hoffer, A. P., Band, H., Rhinehardt, A. E., Knapp, R. C., Matlin, S. A., and Anderson, D. J. Antiproliferative effect of gossypol and its optical isomers on human reproductive cancer cell lines. Gynecol.Oncol. 1989;32(3):273-277. View abstract.

Bauer, J. A., Trask, D. K., Kumar, B., Los, G., Castro, J., Lee, J. S., Chen, J., Wang, S., Bradford, C. R., and Carey, T. E. Reversal of cisplatin resistance with a BH3 mimetic, (-)-gossypol, in head and neck cancer cells: role of wild-type p53 and Bcl-xL. Mol.Cancer Ther 2005;4(7):1096-1104. View abstract.

Baumgrass, R., Weiwad, M., Erdmann, F., Liu, J. O., Wunderlich, D., Grabley, S., and Fischer, G. Reversible inhibition of calcineurin by the polyphenolic aldehyde gossypol. J.Biol.Chem. 12-21-2001;276(51):47914-47921. View abstract.

Becattini, B., Kitada, S., Leone, M., Monosov, E., Chandler, S., Zhai, D., Kipps, T. J., Reed, J. C., and Pellecchia, M. Rational design and real time, in-cell detection of the proapoptotic activity of a novel compound targeting Bcl-X(L). Chem.Biol. 2004;11(3):389-395. View abstract.

Benditt, J. M. Current contraceptive research. Fam.Plann.Perspect. 1980;12(3):149-155. View abstract.

Benhaim, P., Mathes, S. J., Hunt, T. K., Scheuenstuhl, H., and Benz, C. C. Induction of neutrophil Mac-1 integrin expression and superoxide production by the medicinal plant extract gossypol. Inflammation 1994;18(5):443-458. View abstract.

Benz, C. C., Keniry, M. A., Ford, J. M., Townsend, A. J., Cox, F. W., Palayoor, S., Matlin, S. A., Hait, W. N., and Cowan, K. H. Biochemical correlates of the antitumor and antimitochondrial properties of gossypol enantiomers. Mol.Pharmacol. 1990;37(6):840-847. View abstract.

Benz, C., Hollander, C., Keniry, M., James, T. L., and Mitchell, M. Lactic dehydrogenase isozymes, 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and in vitro antimitochondrial tumor toxicity with gossypol and rhodamine-123. J.Clin.Invest 1987;79(2):517-523. View abstract.

Benz, C., Keniry, M., and Goldberg, H. Selective toxicity of gossypol against epithelial tumors and its detection by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Contraception 1988;37(3):221-228. View abstract.

Best, R. G. and McKenzie, W. H. Variable sister-chromatid exchange response in human lymphocytes exposed in vitro to gossypol acetic acid. Mutat.Res. 1988;206(2):227-233. View abstract.

Bi, X. F., Ye, Y. X., Yang, H. F., and Zhang, Z. R. [Preliminary study on gossypol in causing hypokalemia (author's transl)]. Zhongguo Yi.Xue.Ke.Xue.Yuan Xue.Bao. 1981;3(3):175-178. View abstract.

Bi, X. F., Zheng, Y. J., Yang, H. F., and Zhang, Z. R. The effect of gossypol on ATPase activity of the kidney. Sci.Sin. 1981;24(4):573-580. View abstract.

Blackstaffe, L., Shelley, M. D., and Fish, R. G. Cytotoxicity of gossypol enantiomers and its quinone metabolite gossypolone in melanoma cell lines. Melanoma Res. 1997;7(5):364-372. View abstract.

Burgos, C., Gerez de Burgos, N. M., Rovai, L. E., and Blanco, A. In vitro inhibition by gossypol of oxidoreductases from human tissues. Biochem.Pharmacol. 3-1-1986;35(5):801-804. View abstract.

Bushunow, P., Reidenberg, M. M., Wasenko, J., Winfield, J., Lorenzo, B., Lemke, S., Himpler, B., Corona, R., and Coyle, T. Gossypol treatment of recurrent adult malignant gliomas. J.Neurooncol. 1999;43(1):79-86. View abstract.

Cameron, S. M., Waller, D. P., and Zaneveld, L. J. Vaginal spermicidal activity of gossypol in the Macaca arctoides. Fertil.Steril. 1982;37(2):273-274. View abstract.

Cao, J. and Liu, G. Z. [Reversibility of azoospermia following gossypol withdrawal]. Zhongguo Yi.Xue.Ke.Xue.Yuan Xue.Bao. 1983;5(4):227-230. View abstract.

Cao, J., Fei, R., Zhao, Y., Chen, H., Jin, W., and Chen, S. [Effect of low dose gossypol treatment on male sperm nuclear basic protein]. Zhongguo Yi.Xue.Ke.Xue.Yuan Xue.Bao. 2000;22(3):220-222. View abstract.

Chang, J. S., Hsu, Y. L., Kuo, P. L., Chiang, L. C., and Lin, C. C. Upregulation of Fas/Fas ligand-mediated apoptosis by gossypol in an immortalized human alveolar lung cancer cell line. Clin.Exp.Pharmacol.Physiol 2004;31(10):716-722. View abstract.

Chang, M. C., Gu, Z., and Saksena, S. K. Effects of Gossypol on the fertility of male rats, hamsters and rabbits. Contraception 1980;21(5):461-469. View abstract.

Chen, X. M., Li, H. Y., and Xue, S. P. [Effects of gossypol on lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme-X in human spermatozoa]. Zhongguo Yi.Xue.Ke.Xue.Yuan Xue.Bao. 1983;5(4):223-226. View abstract.

Chen, Y., Sten, M., Nordenskjold, M., Lambert, B., Matlin, S. A., and Zhou, R. H. The effect of gossypol on the frequency of DNA-strand breaks in human leukocytes in vitro. Mutat.Res. 1986;164(1):71-78. View abstract.

Cheng, J. S., Liu, C. P., Lo, Y. K., Chou, K. J., Lin, M. C., Su, W., Law, Y. P., Chou, K. J., Wang, J. L., Chen, W. C., and Jan, C. R. Gossypol, a component in cottonseed, induced increases in cytosolic Ca2+ levels in Chang liver cells. Toxicon 2002;40(7):851-856. View abstract.

Cheng, J. S., Lo, Y. K., Yeh, J. H., Cheng, H. H., Liu, C. P., Chen, W. C., and Jan, C. R. Effect of gossypol on intracellular Ca2+ regulation in human hepatoma cells. Chin J.Physiol 9-30-2003;46(3):117-122. View abstract.

Cheng, K. F., Wu, W. Y., Tang, M. Y., and Chu, P. T. Endometrial changes after administration of gossypol for menorrhagia. Am.J.Obstet.Gynecol. 12-15-1980;138(8):1227-1229. View abstract.

Chongthammakun, S., Ekavipat, C., Sanitwongse, B., and Pavasuthipaisit, K. Effects of gossypol on human and monkey sperm motility in vitro. Contraception 1986;34(3):323-331. View abstract.

Clarke, C. A. Medicine in China. Ceylon Med J 1979;24(3-4):51-54. View abstract.

Comhaire, F. H. Male contraception: hormonal, mechanical and other. Hum.Reprod. 1994;9(4):586-590. View abstract.

Coutinho, E. M. and Melo, J. F. Clinical experience with gossypol in non-Chinese men: a follow-up. Contraception 1988;37(2):137-151. View abstract.

Coutinho, E. M. Latin America's contributions to contraceptive development. Fertil.Steril. 1993;60(2):227-230. View abstract.

Coutinho, E. M., Melo, J. F., Barbosa, I., and Segal, S. J. Antispermatogenic action of gossypol in men. Fertil.Steril. 1984;42(3):424-430. View abstract.

Cowart, C. L., London, S. N., Vernon, M. W., and Pedigo, N. G. The effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, forskolin, and theophylline on motility parameters in gossypol-treated human sperm. Fertil.Steril. 1994;61(5):929-934. View abstract.

Dando, C., Schroeder, E. R., Hunsaker, L. A., Deck, L. M., Royer, R. E., Zhou, X., Parmley, S. F., and Vander Jagt, D. L. The kinetic properties and sensitivities to inhibitors of lactate dehydrogenases (LDH1 and LDH2) from Toxoplasma gondii: comparisons with pLDH from Plasmodium falciparum. Mol.Biochem.Parasitol. 2001;118(1):23-32. View abstract.

Dao, V. T., Dowd, M. K., Gaspard, C., Martin, M. T., Hemez, J., Laprevote, O., Mayer, M., and Michelot, R. J. New thioderivatives of gossypol and gossypolone, as prodrugs of cytotoxic agents. Bioorg.Med.Chem. 5-1-2003;11(9):2001-2006. View abstract.

Dao, V. T., Dowd, M. K., Martin, M. T., Gaspard, C., Mayer, M., and Michelot, R. J. Cytotoxicity of enantiomers of gossypol Schiff's bases and optical stability of gossypolone. Eur.J Med Chem. 2004;39(7):619-624. View abstract.

Dao, V. T., Gaspard, C., Mayer, M., Werner, G. H., Nguyen, S. N., and Michelot, R. J. Synthesis and cytotoxicity of gossypol related compounds. Eur.J.Med.Chem. 2000;35(9):805-813. View abstract.

Datta, K. and Kulkarni, A. P. Co-oxidation of all-trans retinol acetate by human term placental lipoxygenase and soybean lipoxygenase. Reprod.Toxicol. 1996;10(2):105-112. View abstract.

Datta, K. and Kulkarni, A. P. Oxidative metabolism of aflatoxin B1 by lipoxygenase purified from human term placenta and intrauterine conceptal tissues. Teratology 1994;50(4):311-317. View abstract.

Datta, K., Sherblom, P. M., and Kulkarni, A. P. Co-oxidative metabolism of 4-aminobiphenyl by lipoxygenase from soybean and human term placenta. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997;25(2):196-205. View abstract.

de Peyster, A., Quintanilha, A., Packer, L., and Smith, M. T. Oxygen radical formation induced by gossypol in rat liver microsomes and human sperm. Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun. 1-30-1984;118(2):573-579. View abstract.

DeBonis, S., Skoufias, D. A., Lebeau, L., Lopez, R., Robin, G., Margolis, R. L., Wade, R. H., and Kozielski, F. In vitro screening for inhibitors of the human mitotic kinesin Eg5 with antimitotic and antitumor activities. Mol.Cancer Ther 2004;3(9):1079-1090. View abstract.

Deck, L. M., Chamblee, B. B., Royer, R. E., Hunsaker, L. A., and Vander Jagt, D. L. Inhibition of aldose reductase by gossypol and gossypol-related compounds. Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 1999;463:487-492. View abstract.

Deck, L. M., Vander Jagt, D. L., and Royer, R. E. Gossypol and derivatives: a new class of aldose reductase inhibitors. J.Med.Chem. 1991;34(11):3301-3305. View abstract.

Demery, A. [Male contraception]. Soins.Gynecol.Obstet.Pueric.Pediatr. 1987;(72):33-38. View abstract.

Demoulin, A. [Male contraception]. Rev Med Liege 4-1-1984;39(7):266-272. View abstract.

Diczfalusy, E. [Contraception in the eighties: a theme with variations]. Lakartidningen 1-16-1980;77(3):98-105. View abstract.

Dodou, K., Anderson, R. J., Small, D. A., and Groundwater, P. W. Investigations on gossypol: past and present developments. Expert.Opin.Investig.Drugs 2005;14(11):1419-1434. View abstract.

Dogliotti, L., Berruti, A., Pia, A., Paccotti, P., Ali, A., and Angeli, A. Cytotoxic chemotherapy for adrenocortical carcinoma. Minerva Endocrinol. 1995;20(1):105-109. View abstract.

Drayer, D. E. and Reidenberg, M. M. Gossypol and Na+, K+ ATPase from human erythrocytes. Contraception 1988;38(5):579-583. View abstract.

Drife, J. O. The effects of drugs on sperm. Drugs 1987;33(6):610-622. View abstract.

Duo, X., Cai, W. J., Zhu, B. H., Dong, C. J., Zheng, Z. C., and Gao, Z. Q. Clinical safety of long-term administration of gossypol in 32 cases. Contraception 1988;37(2):129-135. View abstract.

Eliasson, R. and Virji, N. Effects of gossypol acetic acid on the activity of LDH-C4 from human and rabbit spermatozoa. Int.J.Androl 1983;6(1):109-112. View abstract.

Ergun, M. A., Konac, E., Erbas, D., and Ekmekci, A. Apoptosis and nitric oxide release induced by thalidomide, gossypol and dexamethasone in cultured human chronic myelogenous leukemic K-562 cells. Cell Biol.Int. 2004;28(3):237-242. View abstract.

Fan, L. P., Ren, C. Q., and Hou, T. X. [Emergency treatment and care of hypokalemia paralysis due to gossypol poisoning]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi. 9-5-1995;30(9):522-525. View abstract.

Final report on the safety assessment of Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil, Cottonseed (Gossypium) Oil, Cottonseed Acid, Cottonseed Glyceride, and Hydrogenated Cottonseed Glyceride. Int J Toxicol. 2001;20 Suppl 2:21-29. View abstract.

Flack, M. R., Pyle, R. G., Mullen, N. M., Lorenzo, B., Wu, Y. W., Knazek, R. A., Nisula, B. C., and Reidenberg, M. M. Oral gossypol in the treatment of metastatic adrenal cancer. J.Clin.Endocrinol.Metab 1993;76(4):1019-1024. View abstract.

Forstermann, U. Properties and mechanisms of production and action of endothelium-derived relaxing factor. J Cardiovasc.Pharmacol. 1986;8 Suppl 10:S45-S51. View abstract.

Forstermann, U., Alheid, U., Frolich, J. C., and Mulsch, A. Mechanisms of action of lipoxygenase and cytochrome P-450-mono-oxygenase inhibitors in blocking endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. Br.J Pharmacol. 1988;93(3):569-578. View abstract.

Forstermann, U., Mugge, A., Alheid, U., Bode, S. M., and Frolich, J. C. Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF): a defence mechanism against platelet aggregation and vasospasm in human coronary arteries. Eur.Heart J 1989;10 Suppl F:36-43. View abstract.

Forstermann, U., Mugge, A., Bode, S. M., and Frolich, J. C. Response of human coronary arteries to aggregating platelets: importance of endothelium-derived relaxing factor and prostanoids. Circ.Res. 1988;63(2):306-312. View abstract.

Forstermann, U., Warmuth, G., Dudel, C., and Alheid, U. Formation and functional importance of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) and prostaglandins in the microcirculation. Z.Kardiol. 1989;78 Suppl 6:85-91. View abstract.

Franco-Cereceda, A. and Rudehill, A. Capsaicin-induced vasodilatation of human coronary arteries in vitro is mediated by calcitonin gene-related peptide rather than substance P or neurokinin A. Acta Physiol Scand. 1989;136(4):575-580. View abstract.

Frick, J. and Aulitzky, W. Male contraception. Hum.Reprod. 1988;3(2):147-151. View abstract.

Frick, J., Aulitzky, W., and Kalla, N. R. Clinical microdose study of gossypol: effect on sperm motility and renal function. Contraception 1988;37(2):153-162. View abstract.

Fu, Y. F., Zhang, S. L., Lu, Z. M., and Wang, W. Effects of gossypol on the activity of kidney (Na+ + K+)-ATPase and the functions of erythrocyte membrane. Contraception 1988;37(2):179-184. View abstract.

Fu, Y. F., Zhang, S. L., Lu, Z. M., and Wang, W. Effects of gossypol on the activity of rabbit kidney Na,K-ATPase and the functions of human erythrocyte membrane. Prog.Clin.Biol.Res. 1988;268B:385-392. View abstract.

Gao, H., Yang, Z. S., and Jin, S. X. [Primary observations on distal renal tubule acidosis in 177 cases caused by gossypol intoxication]. Zhonghua Nei Ke.Za Zhi. 1985;24(7):419-21, 447. View abstract.

Glander, H. J. [Gossypol and other nonhormonal substances for the inhibition of male fertility]. Zentralbl.Gynakol. 1988;110(12):772-777. View abstract.

Goldsmith, K. C. and Hogarty, M. D. Targeting programmed cell death pathways with experimental therapeutics: opportunities in high-risk neuroblastoma. Cancer Lett. 10-18-2005;228(1-2):133-141. View abstract.

Gombe, S. A review of the current status in male contraceptive studies. East Afr.Med J 1983;60(4):203-211. View abstract.

Gottlieb, C. and Aanesen, A. [A male contraceptive injection can be available within 5 years]. Lakartidningen 9-22-1999;96(38):4039-4044. View abstract.

Greydanus, D. E. and Lonchamp, D. Contraception in the adolescent. Preparation for the 1990s. Med Clin.North Am. 1990;74(5):1205-1224. View abstract.

Grimes, D. A., Lopez, L. M., Gallo, M. F., Halpern, V., Nanda, K., and Schulz, K. F. Steroid hormones for contraception in men. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;(2):CD004316. View abstract.

Grimes, D., Gallo, M., Grigorieva, V., Nanda, K., and Schulz, K. Steroid hormones for contraception in men. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(3):CD004316. View abstract.

Gu, Z. P., Mao, B. Y., Wang, Y. X., Zhang, R. A., Tan, Y. Z., Chen, Z. X., Cao, L., You, G. D., and Segal, S. J. Low dose gossypol for male contraception. Asian J.Androl 2000;2(4):283-287. View abstract.

Gu, Z. P., Wang, Y. X., Sang, G. W., Wang, W. C., Chen, Z. X., Zhao, X. J., Shao, Q. X., and Jiang, Y. Relationship between hormone profiles and the restoration of spermatogenesis in men treated with gossypol. Int.J.Androl 1990;13(4):253-257. View abstract.

Gui-Yuan, Z., Meng-Chun, J., Jin-Lai, C., and Wen-Qing, Y. The effect of long-term treatment with crude cotton seed oil on pituitary and testicular function in men. Int J Androl 1989;12(6):404-410. View abstract.

Han, H. L. [Gossypol treatment for menopausal functional bleeding, myoma of uterus and endometriosis--preliminary report (author's transl)]. Zhongguo Yi.Xue.Ke.Xue.Yuan Xue.Bao. 1980;2(3):167-170. View abstract.

Han, M. L. [Clinical observation of the gossypol treatment of endometriosis and uterine myoma and the location of the pharmacological action]. Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1982;2(3):159-161. View abstract.

Han, M. L., Wang, Y. F., Tang, M. Y., Ge, Q. S., Zhou, L. F., Zhu, P. D., and Sun, Y. T. Gossypol in the treatment of endometriosis and uterine myoma. Contrib.Gynecol.Obstet. 1987;16:268-270. View abstract.

Haspel, H. C., Corin, R. E., and Sonenberg, M. Effect of gossypol on erythrocyte membrane function: specific inhibition of inorganic anion exchange and interaction with band 3. J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther. 1985;234(3):575-583. View abstract.

Heiser, V., Scherzinger, E., Boeddrich, A., Nordhoff, E., Lurz, R., Schugardt, N., Lehrach, H., and Wanker, E. E. Inhibition of huntingtin fibrillogenesis by specific antibodies and small molecules: implications for Huntington's disease therapy. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci U.S.A 6-6-2000;97(12):6739-6744. View abstract.

Hoffer, A. P., Agarwal, A., Meltzer, P., Herlihy, P., Naqvi, R. H., Lindberg, M. C., and Matlin, S. A. Ultrastructural, fertility, and spermicidal studies with isomers and derivatives of gossypol in male hamsters. Biol.Reprod. 1987;37(4):909-924. View abstract.

Hong, C. Y. [Application of a trans-membrane migration method in the study of human sperm motility: a review]. Zhonghua Yi.Xue.Za Zhi.(Taipei) 1991;48(3):163-170. View abstract.

Hong, C. Y., Huang, J. J., and Wu, P. The inhibitory effect of gossypol on human sperm motility: relationship with time, temperature and concentration. Hum.Toxicol. 1989;8(1):49-51. View abstract.

Horstmann, M., Merseburger, A. S., Stenzl, A., and Kuczyk, M. [Systemic therapy of malignant adrenal tumors]. Urologe A 2006;45(5):605-608. View abstract.

Hoshiai, H., Uehara, S., Mori, R., Nagaike, F., Tsuiki, A., and Suzuki, M. Gossypol as oral contraceptive for male: trial case report. Tohoku J.Exp.Med. 1982;138(3):275-280. View abstract.

Hou, D. X., Uto, T., Tong, X., Takeshita, T., Tanigawa, S., Imamura, I., Ose, T., and Fujii, M. Involvement of reactive oxygen species-independent mitochondrial pathway in gossypol-induced apoptosis. Arch.Biochem.Biophys. 8-15-2004;428(2):179-187. View abstract.

Hover, C. G. and Kulkarni, A. P. A simple and efficient method for hemoglobin removal from mammalian tissue cytosol by zinc sulfate and its application to the study of lipoxygenase. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 2000;62(2):97-105. View abstract.

Hu, Y. F., Chang, C. J., Brueggemeier, R. W., and Lin, Y. C. Gossypol inhibits basal and estrogen-stimulated DNA synthesis in human breast carcinoma cells. Life Sci. 1993;53(25):L433-L438. View abstract.

Hu, Y. F., Chang, C. J., Brueggemeier, R. W., and Lin, Y. C. Presence of antitumor activities in the milk collected from gossypol-treated dairy cows. Cancer Lett. 11-25-1994;87(1):17-23. View abstract.

Huang, H. F. and Wang, M. [Effects of gossypol acetate, danazol, progesterone and GnRH-A on estrogen and progesterone receptors of human endometrial cells]. Zhongguo Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1994;14(6):352-3, 325. View abstract.

Huang, H. F. and Wang, M. [Effects of gossypol acetate, progesterone, danazol and GnRH-A (gonadotropin release hormone-A) on the DNA-synthesis of human endometrial cell in vitro]. Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1990;10(8):476-8, 453. View abstract.

Iglesias, Cortit L. [New advances in contraception and sterilization]. Med Clin.(Barc.) 11-2-1985;85(14):588-595. View abstract.

Ikeda, M. Inhibition kinetics of NAD-linked enzymes by gossypol acetic acid. Andrologia 1990;22(5):409-416. View abstract.

Jan, C. R., Lin, M. C., Chou, K. J., and Huang, J. K. Novel effects of gossypol, a chemical contraceptive in man: mobilization of internal Ca(2+) and activation of external Ca(2+) entry in intact cells. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 4-17-2000;1496(2-3):270-276. View abstract.

Jaroszewski, J. W., Kaplan, O., and Cohen, J. S. Action of gossypol and rhodamine 123 on wild type and multidrug-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: 31P nuclear magnetic resonance and toxicity studies. Cancer Res. 11-1-1990;50(21):6936-6943. View abstract.

Jarvis, W. D., Turner, A. J., Povirk, L. F., Traylor, R. S., and Grant, S. Induction of apoptotic DNA fragmentation and cell death in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells by pharmacological inhibitors of protein kinase C. Cancer Res. 4-1-1994;54(7):1707-1714. View abstract.

Jiang, J., Ghosh, P. K., Kulp, S. K., Sugimoto, Y., Liu, S., Czekajewski, J., Chang, H. L., and Lin, Y. C. Effects of gossypol on O2 consumption and CO2 production in human prostate cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 2002;22(3):1491-1496. View abstract.

Jin, Y., Chen, H. C., Wo, W. H., Yang, M. Z., and Xue, S. P. Effects of gossypol on Na+, K+ transmembrane fluxes in human red cells. Proc.Chin Acad.Med.Sci.Peking.Union Med.Coll. 1989;4(2):91-95. View abstract.

Johnsen, O., Mas, Diaz J., and Eliasson, R. Gossypol; a potent inhibitor of human sperm acrosomal proteinase. Int.J.Androl 1982;5(6):636-640. View abstract.

Joseph, A. E., Matlin, S. A., and Knox, P. Cytotoxicity of enantiomers of gossypol. Br.J.Cancer 1986;54(3):511-513. View abstract.

Joseph, P., Srinivasan, S. N., and Kulkarni, A. P. Purification and partial characterization of lipoxygenase with dual catalytic activities from human term placenta. Biochem.J 7-1-1993;293 ( Pt 1):83-91. View abstract.

Kable, E. P. and Parsons, P. G. Potency, selectivity and cell cycle dependence of catechols in human tumour cells in vitro. Biochem.Pharmacol. 5-1-1988;37(9):1711-1715. View abstract.

Kalla, N. R. and Vasudev, M. Studies on the male antifertility agent-gossypol acetic acid. II. Effect of gossypol acetic acid on the motility and ATPase activity of human spermatozoa. Andrologia 1981;13(2):95-98. View abstract.

Kalla, N. R. Gossypol. Acta Eur.Fertil. 1990;21(1):5-6. View abstract.

Kalla, N. R., Gadru, N., and Foo, T. W. Studies on the male antifertility agent gossypol acetic acid. VII. Effect of motility stimulated factors on the revival of human spermatozoal motility after gossypol treatment in vitro. Andrologia 1986;18(4):393-397. View abstract.

Kanwar, U., Batla, A., Sanyal, S., Minocha, R., Majumdar, S., and Ranga, A. Gossypol inhibition of Ca++ uptake and Ca++-ATPase in human ejaculated spermatozoal plasma membrane vesicles. Contraception 1989;39(4):431-445. View abstract.

Keller, P. A., Birch, C., Leach, S. P., Tyssen, D., and Griffith, R. Novel pharmacophore-based methods reveal gossypol as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. J.Mol.Graph.Model. 2003;21(5):365-373. View abstract.

Khomasuridze, A. G. and Marshaniia, Z. S. [Male contraception]. Akush.Ginekol.(Mosk) 1991;(1):64-65. View abstract.

Kim, I. C., Waller, D. P., Marcelle, G. B., Cordell, G. A., Fong, H. H., Pirkle, W. H., Pilla, L., and Matlin, S. A. Comparative in vitro spermicidal effects of (+/-)-gossypol, (+)-gossypol, (-)-gossypol and gossypolone. Contraception 1984;30(3):253-259. View abstract.

Kim, S. H., Kim, J. H., Alfieri, A. A., He, S. Q., and Young, C. W. Gossypol, a hyperthermic sensitizer of HeLa cells. Cancer Res. 1985;45(12 Pt 1):6338-6340. View abstract.

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Kono, H., Lin, Y. C., Yamaguchi, M., Zuspan, F. P., Furuhashi, N., Takayama, K., and Yajima, A. Effects of progesterone and gossypol on monoamine oxidase activity in human term placental explant. Tohoku J.Exp.Med. 1991;163(1):39-45. View abstract.

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Krassnigg, F., Niederhauser, H., Placzek, R., Frick, J., and Schill, W. B. Investigations on the functional role of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in human seminal plasma. Adv.Exp.Med Biol. 1986;198 Pt A:477-485. View abstract.

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Le Blanc, M., Russo, J., Kudelka, A. P., and Smith, J. A. An in vitro study of inhibitory activity of gossypol, a cottonseed extract, in human carcinoma cell lines. Pharmacol.Res. 2002;46(6):551-555. View abstract.

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Levinsky, H., Singer, R., Sagiv, M., Lehrer, N., and Allalouf, D. Inhibition of sialyl transferase activity by gossypol acetic acid in human seminal plasma. Andrologia 1991;23(2):159-161. View abstract.

Liang, J. C. and Ye, W. S. Clastogenicity of a male contraceptive, gossypol, in mammalian cell cultures with and without the metabolic activation by S9 mix. Environ.Res. 1985;36(1):138-143. View abstract.

Ligueros, M., Jeoung, D., Tang, B., Hochhauser, D., Reidenberg, M. M., and Sonenberg, M. Gossypol inhibition of mitosis, cyclin D1 and Rb protein in human mammary cancer cells and cyclin-D1 transfected human fibrosarcoma cells. Br.J.Cancer 1997;76(1):21-28. View abstract.

Lin, T. S., Schinazi, R., Griffith, B. P., August, E. M., Eriksson, B. F., Zheng, D. K., Huang, L. A., and Prusoff, W. H. Selective inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by the (-) but not the (+) enantiomer of gossypol. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. 1989;33(12):2149-2151. View abstract.

Liu, G. Z. and Lyle, K. C. Clinical trial of gossypol as a male contraceptive drug. Part II. Hypokalemia study. Fertil.Steril. 1987;48(3):462-465. View abstract.

Liu, G. Z. Clinical study of gossypol as a male contraceptive. Reproduccion. 1981;5(3):189-193. View abstract.

Liu, G. Z., Ch'iu-Hinton, K., Cao, J. A., Zhu, C. X., and Li, B. Y. Effects of K salt or a potassium blocker on gossypol-related hypokalemia. Contraception 1988;37(2):111-117. View abstract.

Liu, G. Z., Lyle, K. C., and Cao, J. Clinical trial of gossypol as a male contraceptive drug. Part I. Efficacy study. Fertil.Steril. 1987;48(3):459-461. View abstract.

Liu, G. Z., Lyle, K. C., and Cao, J. Experiences with gossypol as a male pill. Am.J.Obstet.Gynecol. 1987;157(4 Pt 2):1079-1081. View abstract.

Liu, S., Kulp, S. K., Sugimoto, Y., Jiang, J., Chang, H. L., Dowd, M. K., Wan, P., and Lin, Y. C. The (-)-enantiomer of gossypol possesses higher anticancer potency than racemic gossypol in human breast cancer. Anticancer Res. 2002;22(1A):33-38. View abstract.

Liu, Y. Endometrium implantation and ectopic pregnancy. Sci China C.Life Sci 2004;47(4):293-302. View abstract.

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Massfelder, T., Stewart, A. F., Endlich, K., Soifer, N., Judes, C., and Helwig, J. J. Parathyroid hormone-related protein detection and interaction with NO and cyclic AMP in the renovascular system. Kidney Int 1996;50(5):1591-1603. View abstract.

Matsuo, M. Preference of female students for "tempe" preparations composed of glandless cottonseed and defatted soybean or corn at various ratios. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol.(Tokyo) 2000;46(4):210-213. View abstract.

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Meng, G. D., Zhu, J. C., Chen, Z. W., Wong, L. T., Zhang, G. Y., Hu, Y. Z., Ding, J. H., Wang, X. H., Qian, S. Z., Wang, C., and . Follow-up of men in the recovery period immediately after the cessation of gossypol treatment. Contraception 1988;37(2):119-128. View abstract.

Meng, G. D., Zhu, J. C., Chen, Z. W., Wong, L. T., Zhang, G. Y., Hu, Y. Z., Ding, J. H., Wang, X. H., Qian, S. Z., Wang, C., and . Recovery of sperm production following the cessation of gossypol treatment: a two-centre study in China. Int.J.Androl 1988;11(1):1-11. View abstract.

Moh, P. P., Li, P. K., Darby, M. V., Brueggemeier, R. W., and Lin, Y. C. Characteristics of covalent gossypol binding to microsomal proteins. Res.Commun.Chem.Pathol.Pharmacol. 1992;76(3):305-322. View abstract.

Mohammad, R. M., Wang, S., Banerjee, S., Wu, X., Chen, J., and Sarkar, F. H. Nonpeptidic small-molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, (-)-Gossypol, enhances biological effect of genistein against BxPC-3 human pancreatic cancer cell line. Pancreas 2005;31(4):317-324. View abstract.

Montero, M., Garcia-Sancho, J., and Alvarez, J. Comparative effects of cytochrome P-450 inhibitors on Ca2+ and Mn2+ entry induced by agonists or by emptying the Ca2+ stores of human neutrophils. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 6-6-1993;1177(2):127-133. View abstract.

Morris, I. D., Higgins, C., and Matlin, S. A. Inhibition of testicular LDH-X from laboratory animals and man by gossypol and its isomers. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1986;77(2):607-612. View abstract.

Mushtaq, M., Kulp, S., Chang, W., and Lin, Y. C. Gossypol inhibits human chorionic gonadotropin-stimulated testosterone production by cultured canine testicular interstitial cells. Res.Commun.Mol.Pathol.Pharmacol. 1996;91(3):259-272. View abstract.

Nakamura, M., Ikeda, M., Komukai, M., Suyemitsu, T., Okinaga, S., and Arai, K. Presence of a 16 kd protein in human seminal plasma counteracts the effects of the anti-fertility agent, gossypol. Hum.Reprod. 1991;6(5):714-721. View abstract.

Nordenskjold, M. and Lambert, B. Gossypol induces DNA strand breaks in human fibroblasts and sister chromatid exchanges in human lymphocytes in vitro. J.Med.Genet. 1984;21(2):129-132. View abstract.

Oliver, C. L., Bauer, J. A., Wolter, K. G., Ubell, M. L., Narayan, A., O'Connell, K. M., Fisher, S. G., Wang, S., Wu, X., Ji, M., Carey, T. E., and Bradford, C. R. In vitro effects of the BH3 mimetic, (-)-gossypol, on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Clin.Cancer Res. 11-15-2004;10(22):7757-7763. View abstract.

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Orhan, G., Ekmekci, A., and Menevse, S. The effect of the male contraceptive agent gossypol acetic acid on mouse bone marrow cells in vivo: micronuclei and mitotic index. Contraception 1993;47(4):377-385. View abstract.

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Prusoff, W., Lin, T. S., Pivazyan, A., Sun, A. S., and Birks, E. Empirical and rational approaches for development of inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus--HIV-1. Pharmacol.Ther 1993;60(2):315-329. View abstract.

Qian, S. Z. and Wang, Z. G. Gossypol: a potential antifertility agent for males. Annu.Rev.Pharmacol.Toxicol. 1984;24:329-360. View abstract.

Qian, S. Z. Gossypol-hypokalaemia interrelationships. Int.J.Androl 1985;8(4):313-324. View abstract.

Qian, S. Z., Jing, G. W., Wu, X. Y., Xu, Y., Li, Y. Q., and Zhou, Z. H. Gossypol related hypokalemia. Clinicopharmacologic studies. Chin Med.J.(Engl.) 1980;93(7):477-482. View abstract.

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Rao, A. G. A stoichiometric analysis of bovine serum albumin-gossypol interactions: a fluorescence quenching study. Indian J.Biochem.Biophys. 1992;29(2):179-182. View abstract.

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Reidenberg, M. M. Environmental inhibition of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Toxicology 4-3-2000;144(1-3):107-111. View abstract.

Reidenberg, M. M., Gu, Z. P., Lorenzo, B., Coutinho, E., Athayde, C., Frick, J., Alvarez, F., Brache, V., and Emuveyan, E. E. Differences in serum potassium concentrations in normal men in different geographic locations. Clin.Chem. 1993;39(1):72-75. View abstract.

Rekha, G. K. and Sladek, N. E. Inhibition of human class 3 aldehyde dehydrogenase, and sensitization of tumor cells that express significant amounts of this enzyme to oxazaphosphorines, by the naturally occurring compound gossypol. Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 1997;414:133-146. View abstract.

Ridley, A. J. and Blasco, L. Testosterone and gossypol effects on human sperm motility. Fertil.Steril. 1981;36(5):638-642. View abstract.

Rosenberg, L. J., Adlakha, R. C., Desai, D. M., and Rao, P. N. Inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha by gossypol. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 5-5-1986;866(4):258-267. View abstract.

Royer, R. E. and Vander Jagt, D. L. Gossypol binds to a high-affinity binding site on human serum albumin. FEBS Lett. 6-27-1983;157(1):28-30. View abstract.

Royer, R. E., Deck, L. M., Campos, N. M., Hunsaker, L. A., and Vander Jagt, D. L. Biologically active derivatives of gossypol: synthesis and antimalarial activities of peri-acylated gossylic nitriles. J.Med.Chem. 1986;29(9):1799-1801. View abstract.

Royer, R. E., Kibirige, M., Tafoya, C. R., Deck, L. M., and Vander Jagt, D. L. Binding of gossypol derivatives to human serum albumin. J.Pharm.Sci. 1988;77(3):237-240. View abstract.

Royer, R. E., Mills, R. G., Deck, L. M., Mertz, G. J., and Vander Jagt, D. L. Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type I replication by derivatives of gossypol. Pharmacol.Res. 1991;24(4):407-412. View abstract.

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Sagach, V. F., Kindybalyuk, A. M., and Kovalenko, T. N. Functional hyperemia of skeletal muscle: role of endothelium. J Cardiovasc.Pharmacol. 1992;20 Suppl 12:S170-S175. View abstract.

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Shidaifat, F., Canatan, H., Kulp, S. K., Sugimoto, Y., Zhang, Y., Brueggemeier, R. W., Somers, W. J., Chang, W. Y., Wang, H. C., and Lin, Y. C. Gossypol arrests human benign prostatic hyperplastic cell growth at G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Anticancer Res. 1997;17(2A):1003-1009. View abstract.

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Stein, R. C., Joseph, A. E., Matlin, S. A., Cunningham, D. C., Ford, H. T., and Coombes, R. C. A preliminary clinical study of gossypol in advanced human cancer. Cancer Chemother.Pharmacol. 1992;30(6):480-482. View abstract.

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Tegos, G., Stermitz, F. R., Lomovskaya, O., and Lewis, K. Multidrug pump inhibitors uncover remarkable activity of plant antimicrobials. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. 2002;46(10):3133-3141. View abstract.

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Thomas, M., von, Hagen, V, Moustafa, Y., Montmasson, M. P., and Monet, J. D. Effects of gossypol on the cell cycle phases in T-47D human breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 1991;11(4):1469-1475. View abstract.

Trevino, C. L., Felix, R., Castellano, L. E., Gutierrez, C., Rodriguez, D., Pacheco, J., Lopez-Gonzalez, I., Gomora, J. C., Tsutsumi, V., Hernandez-Cruz, A., Fiordelisio, T., Scaling, A. L., and Darszon, A. Expression and differential cell distribution of low-threshold Ca(2+) channels in mammalian male germ cells and sperm. FEBS Lett. 4-9-2004;563(1-3):87-92. View abstract.

Tripathi, A. K., Desai, P. V., Pradhan, A., Khan, S. I., Avery, M. A., Walker, L. A., and Tekwani, B. L. An alpha-proteobacterial type malate dehydrogenase may complement LDH function in Plasmodium falciparum. Cloning and biochemical characterization of the enzyme. Eur.J Biochem. 2004;271(17):3488-3502. View abstract.

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Tuszynski, G. P. and Cossu, G. Differential cytotoxic effect of gossypol on human melanoma, colon carcinoma, and other tissue culture cell lines. Cancer Res. 1984;44(2):768-771. View abstract.

Vainio, P., Thuren, T., Wichman, K., Luukkainen, T., and Kinnunen, P. K. Hydrolysis of phospholipid monolayers by human spermatozoa. Inhibition by male contraceptive gossypol. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 4-11-1985;814(2):405-408. View abstract.

Van Poznak, C., Seidman, A. D., Reidenberg, M. M., Moasser, M. M., Sklarin, N., Van Zee, K., Borgen, P., Gollub, M., Bacotti, D., Yao, T. J., Bloch, R., Ligueros, M., Sonenberg, M., Norton, L., and Hudis, C. Oral gossypol in the treatment of patients with refractory metastatic breast cancer: a phase I/II clinical trial. Breast Cancer Res.Treat. 2001;66(3):239-248. View abstract.

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Vongsorasak, L. and Svasti, J. Gossypol prevents activation of purified proenzyme of human seminal plasma acidic proteinase. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 9-4-1986;883(2):271-276. View abstract.

Vongsorasak, L. and Svasti, J. Inhibition of liquefaction and protein degradation in human semen by gossypol. Int.J.Androl 1985;8(6):472-483. View abstract.

Vranova, J., Jezova, M., Scsukova, S., and Kolena, J. Inhibitory effect of gossypol on basal and luteinization factor-stimulated progesterone synthesis in porcine granulosa cells. Physiol Res. 1999;48(2):119-128. View abstract.

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Wang, C. and Yeung, R. T. Gossypol and hypokalaemia. Contraception 1985;32(3):237-252. View abstract.

Wang, H. X. and Ng, T. B. Examination of lectins, polysaccharopeptide, polysaccharide, alkaloid, coumarin and trypsin inhibitors for inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and glycohydrolases. Planta Med 2001;67(7):669-672. View abstract.

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Wang, X., Wang, J., Wong, S. C., Chow, L. S., Nicholls, J. M., Wong, Y. C., Liu, Y., Kwong, D. L., Sham, J. S., and Tsa, S. W. Cytotoxic effect of gossypol on colon carcinoma cells. Life Sci. 10-20-2000;67(22):2663-2671. View abstract.

Wang, Y. and Rao, P. N. Effect of gossypol on DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression of mammalian cells in vitro. Cancer Res. 1984;44(1):35-38. View abstract.

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Whaley, K. J., Sampath, D. S., and Balaram, P. Optically active gossypol as a circular dichroism probe of interactions with serum albumins. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 9-7-1984;801(1):127-130. View abstract.

Wichmann, K., Kapyaho, K., Sinervirta, R., and Janne, J. Effect of gossypol on the motility and metabolism of human spermatozoa. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1983;69(1):259-264. View abstract.

Wichmann, K., Krusius, T., Sinervirta, R., Puranen, J., and Janne, J. Studies on structure-activity relationship of gossypol, gossypol ethers and three naphthaldehydes in the inhibition of spermatozoal metabolism. Contraception 1986;33(5):519-528. View abstract.

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Wu, D. F. and Reidenberg, M. M. Stereoselective interaction between gossypol and rat plasma. Contraception 1990;41(4):377-388. View abstract.

Wu, D. F., Reidenberg, M. M., and Drayer, D. E. Determination of gossypol enantiomers in plasma after administration of racemate using high-performance liquid chromatography with precolumn chemical derivatisation. J.Chromatogr. 12-9-1988;433:141-148. View abstract.

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Wu, D. F., Yu, Y. W., Tang, Z. M., and Wang, M. Z. Pharmacokinetics of (+/-)-, (+)-, and (-)-gossypol in humans and dogs. Clin.Pharmacol.Ther. 1986;39(6):613-618. View abstract.

Wu, F., Zhang, Z., Ye, W., and Qian, X. [Comparative study on the effect of gossypol and T7 on human spermatozoa ATPase activity]. Zhongguo Yi.Xue.Ke.Xue.Yuan Xue.Bao. 1998;20(4):267-270. View abstract.

Wu, T., Sha, Y., Han, F., Duan, J., and Cheng, J. [Effects of gossypol acetic acid on human ejaculated sperm Ca2+ influx and rat vas deferens contraction action]. Zhongguo Yi.Xue.Ke.Xue.Yuan Xue.Bao. 1996;18(5):375-379. View abstract.

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