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Tree Tobacco: Health Benefits, Side Effects, Uses, Dose & Precautions

Tree Tobacco

Other Name(s):

Árbol del tabaco, Blåtobak, Blaugrüner Tabak, Gandul, Glaucous Leaf Tobacco, Nicotiana glauca, Tabac arborescent, Tabaco Moro, Tabaco Moruno, Tabaco Negro, Tobacco Bush, Wild Tobacco, Wildetabak.

Overview

Tree tobacco is a shrub that grows to be about 5 meters high. It was originally found in Argentina, but now grows worldwide. The leaves of tree tobacco contain a chemical called anabasine. This chemical makes tree tobacco leaves poisonous when taken by mouth.

People apply tree tobacco to the skin for boils, fever, headache, pain, sore throat, and wounds. It has also been used as an insect repellant.

How does work?

The leaves of tree tobacco contain a chemical called anabasine. Anabasine acts like a stimulant when taken at low doses and like a depressant when taken at high doses. This chemical also makes tree tobacco leaves poisonous when taken by mouth. But when tree tobacco is applied to the skin, it seems to help repel insects.

Uses

Insufficient Evidence to Rate Effectiveness for...

  • Boils.
  • Fever.
  • Headache.
  • Pain.
  • Sore throat.
  • Wounds.
  • Insect repellant.
  • Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate tree tobacco for these uses.

QUESTION

Next to red peppers, you can get the most vitamin C from ________________. See Answer

Side Effects

Tree tobacco is LIKELY UNSAFE when taken by mouth. Tree tobacco contains a chemical called anabasine. This chemical is poisonous. Poisoning might cause the heart to stop beating, brain damage, severe muscle weakness and spasms, severe vomiting, breathing problems, seizures, high blood pressure, and death.

There isn't enough reliable information available about tree tobacco to know if it is safe to apply to the skin.

Precautions

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Tree tobacco is LIKELY UNSAFE when taken by mouth. Tree tobacco contains the poisonous chemical called anabasine. Anabasine can be harmful to the mother. It may also cause birth defects.

Dosing

The appropriate dose of tree tobacco depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for tree tobacco (in children/in adults). Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate (detailed description of each of the ratings).

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References

Backheet, E. Y. and Sayed, H. M. Two new chlorinated amides from Nicotiana glauca R. Graham. Pharmazie 2002;57(3):206-208. View abstract.

Barbieri, R., Gochberg, J., and Ryan, K. Nicotine, cotinine, and anabasine inhibit aromatase in human trophoblast in vitro. J Clin Invest 1986;77:1727-1733. View abstract.

Barbieri, R., York, C., Cherry, M., and Ryan, K. The effects of nicotine, cotinine and anabasine on rat adrenal 11 beta-hydroxylase and 21-hydroxylase. J Steroid Biochem 1987;28:25-28. View abstract.

Bunch, T. D., Panter, K. E., and James, L. F. Ultrasound studies of the effects of certain poisonous plants on uterine function and fetal development in livestock. J Anim Sci 1992;70(5):1639-1643. View abstract.

Castorena, J. L., Garriott, J. C., Barnhardt, F. E., and Shaw, R. F. A fatal poisoning from Nicotiana glauca. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1987;25(5):429-435. View abstract.

Dwosin, L., Teng, L., Buxton, S., Ravard, A., Deo, N., and Crooks, P. Minor alkaloids of tobacco release [3H]dopamine from superfused rat striatal slices. Eur J Pharmacol 1995;276:195-199. View abstract.

Furer V, Hersch M, Silvetzki N, Breuer GS, Zevin S. Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco) intoxication--two cases in one family. J Med Toxicol 2011;7:47-51. View abstract.

Garcia C, Adams J. Healing with medicinal plants of the west - cultural and scientific basis for their use. La Crescenta, CA: Abedus Press; 2005.

Janakat, S. and Al Merie, H. Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of Pistacia lentiscus, Phillyrea latifolia and Nicotiana glauca. J Ethnopharmacol 2002;83(1-2):135-138. View abstract.

Karadsheh, N., Kussie, P., and Linthicum, D. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by caffeine, anabasine, methyl pyrrolidine and their derivatives. Tox Lett 1991;55:335-342. View abstract.

Keeler, R. F. and Crowe, M. W. Congenital deformities in swine induced by wild tree tobacco, Nicotiana glauca. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1983;20(1):47-58. View abstract.

Keeler, R. F. and Crowe, M. W. Teratogenicity and toxicity of wild tree tobacco, Nicotiana glauca in sheep. Cornell Vet 1984;74(1):50-59. View abstract.

Keeler, R. F. Congenital defects in calves from maternal ingestion of Nicotiana glauca of high anabasine content. Clin Toxicol 1979;15(4):417-426. View abstract.

Keeler, R. F., Balls, L. D., and Panter, K. Teratogenic effects of Nicotiana glauca and concentration of anabasine, the suspect teratogen in plant parts. Cornell Vet 1981;71(1):47-53. View abstract.

Keeler, R. F., Crowe, M. W., and Lambert, E. A. Teratogenicity in swine of the tobacco alkaloid anabasine isolated from Nicotiana glauca. Teratology 1984;30(1):61-69. View abstract.

Keeler, R. F., Shupe, J. L., Crowe, M. W., Olson, A., and Balls, L. D. Nicotiana glauca-induced congenital deformities in calves: clinical and pathologic aspects. Am J Vet Res 1981;42(7):1231-1234. View abstract.

Khafagy, S. and Metwally, A. Phytochemical investigation of the polyphenolic constituents of Nicotiana glauca R Grah grown in Egypt. J Pharm Sci UAR 1968;9:117-126.

Leete, E. and Chedekel, M. Metabolism of nicotine in Nicotiana glauca. Phytochem 1974;13:1853-1859.

Leete, E. The metabolism of nicotine-2'-14C in Nicotiana Glauca. Tetrahedron Lett 1968;42:4433-4436. View abstract.

Maier, W., Schmidt, J., Nimtz, M., Wray, V., and Strack, D. Secondary products in mycorrhizal roots of tobacco and tomato. Phytochemistry 2000;54(5):473-479. View abstract.

Manoguerra, A. S. and Freeman, D. Acute poisoning from the ingestion of Nicotiana glauca. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1982;19(8):861-864. View abstract.

Mastropaolo, J., Rosse, R., and Deutsch, S. Anabasine, a selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, antagonizes MK-801-elicited mouse popping behavior, an animal model of schizophrenia. Behav Brain Res 2004;153:419-422. View abstract.

Mellick, L. B., Makowski, T., Mellick, G. A., and Borger, R. Neuromuscular blockade after ingestion of tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca). Ann Emerg Med 1999;34(1):101-104. View abstract.

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Panter, K. E., Bunch, T. D., Keeler, R. F., Sisson, D. V., and Callan, R. J. Multiple congenital contractures (MCC) and cleft palate induced in goats by ingestion of piperidine alkaloid-containing plants: reduction in fetal movement as the probable cause. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1990;28(1):69-83. View abstract.

Panter, K. E., Keeler, R. F., Bunch, T. D., and Callan, R. J. Congenital skeletal malformations and cleft palate induced in goats by ingestion of Lupinus, Conium and Nicotiana species. . Toxicon 1990;28(12):1377-1385. View abstract.

Panter, K. E., Weinzweig, J., Gardner, D. R., Stegelmeier, B. L., and James, L. F. Comparison of cleft palate induction by Nicotiana glauca in goats and sheep. Teratology 2000;61(3):203-210. View abstract.

Plumlee, K. H., Holstege, D. M., Blanchard, P. C., Fiser, K. M., and Galey, F. D. Nicotiana glauca toxicosis of cattle. J Vet Diagn Invest 1993;5(3):498-499. View abstract.

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Weinzweig, J., Panter, K. E., Pantaloni, M., Spangenberger, A., Harper, J. S., Lui, F., James, L. F., and Edstrom, L. E. The fetal cleft palate: II. Scarless healing after in utero repair of a congenital model. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999;104(5):1356-1364. View abstract.

Weinzweig, J., Panter, K. E., Spangenberger, A., Harper, J. S., McRae, R., and Edstrom, L. E. The fetal cleft palate: III. Ultrastructural and functional analysis of palatal development following in utero repair of the congenital model. Plast Reconstr Surg 2002;109(7):2355-2362. View abstract.