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PlasmaLyte A (Multiple Electrolytes Injection): Side Effects, Uses, Dosage, Interactions, Warnings

Plasma-Lyte A

Medical Editor: John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP Last updated on RxList: 7/26/2022

Drug Summary

What Is Plasma-Lyte A?

PlasmaLyte A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1) is an isotonic solution used as a source of water and electrolytes or as an alkalinizing agent.

What Are Side Effects of Plasma-Lyte A?

Common side effects of PlasmaLyte A include:

  • fever, and
  • infection or swelling at the injection site,
  • fluid leakage from the injection site, and
  • high blood plasma volume.

Plasma-Lyte A may cause serious side effects including:

  • hives,
  • difficulty breathing,
  • swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat,
  • abdominal pain,
  • swelling of the face, arms, hands, lower legs, or feet,
  • blurred vision,
  • body aches and pain,
  • chills,
  • confusion,
  • seizures,
  • cough,
  • little or no urine,
  • dizziness,
  • fainting,
  • lightheadedness,
  • dry mouth,
  • ear congestion,
  • fever,
  • headache,
  • increased thirst,
  • irregular heartbeat,
  • loss of appetite,
  • loss of voice,
  • muscle pain or cramps,
  • nausea,
  • vomiting,
  • nervousness,
  • numbness or tingling in the hands, feet, or lips,
  • pale skin,
  • pounding in the ears,
  • rapid weight gain,
  • stuffy or runny nose,
  • slow or fast heartbeat,
  • sneezing,
  • sore throat,
  • sweating,
  • unusual bleeding or bruising,
  • tiredness,
  • weakness,
  • unusual weight gain or loss,
  • chest pain,
  • dry mouth,
  • flushed or dry can,
  • fruit-like breath odor,
  • increased hunger,
  • increased urination,
  • unexplained weight loss,
  • blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin,
  • diarrhea,
  • difficulty with swallowing,
  • itching,
  • skin rash,
  • joint or muscle pain,
  • swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips or tongue,
  • red skin lesions,
  • redness of the eyes,
  • irritation, redness, or swelling at the catheter site,
  • redness, soreness, or itching skin,
  • white spots in the mouth or on the lips,
  • sores,
  • blisters,
  • welts, and
  • chest pain or pressure

Get medical help right away, if you have any of the symptoms listed above.

Seek medical care or call 911 at once if you have the following serious side effects:

  • Serious eye symptoms such as sudden vision loss, blurred vision, tunnel vision, eye pain or swelling, or seeing halos around lights;
  • Serious heart symptoms such as fast, irregular, or pounding heartbeats; fluttering in your chest; shortness of breath; and sudden dizziness, lightheartedness, or passing out;
  • Severe headache, confusion, slurred speech, arm or leg weakness, trouble walking, loss of coordination, feeling unsteady, very stiff muscles, high fever, profuse sweating, or tremors.

This document does not contain all possible side effects and others may occur. Check with your physician for additional information about side effects.

Dosage for Plasma-Lyte A

Talk to your doctor about your individual dosage recommendation of PlasmaLyte A.

What Drugs, Substances, or Supplements Interact with Plasma-Lyte A?

Corticosteroids and cortotropin may interact with PlasmaLyte A. Before taking PlasmaLyte A tell your doctor if you have congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, swelling with sodium retention, or elevated potassium levels.

Plasma-Lyte A During Pregnancy or Breastfeeding

Tell your doctor all medications and supplements you use. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant before taking PlasmaLyte A; it is unknown if it will harm a fetus. Consult your doctor before breastfeeding.

Additional Information

Our PlasmaLyte A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1) Side Effects Drug Center provides a comprehensive view of available drug information on the potential side effects when taking this medication.

Description for PlasmaLyte A

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) is a sterile, nonpyrogenic isotonic solution in a single dose container for intravenous administration. Each 100 mL contains 526 mg of Sodium Chloride, USP (NaCl); 502 mg of Sodium Gluconate (C6H11NaO7); 368 mg of Sodium Acetate Trihydrate, USP (C2H3NaO2•3H2O); 37 mg of Potassium Chloride, USP (KCl); and 30 mg of Magnesium Chloride, USP (MgCl2•6H2O). It contains no antimicrobial agents. The pH is adjusted with sodium hydroxide. The pH is 7.4 (6.5 to 8.0).

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) administered intravenously has value as a sousrce of water, electrolytes, and calories. One liter has an ionic concentration of 140 mEq sodium, 5 mEq potassium, 3 mEq magnesium, 98 mEq chloride, 27 mEq acetate, and 23 mEq gluconate. The osmolarity is 294 mOsmol/L (calc). Normal physiologic osmolarity range is 280 to 310 mOsmol/L. Administration of substantially hypertonic solutions may cause vein damage. The caloric content is 21 lcal/L.

The flexible container is made with non-latex plastic materials specially designed for a wide range of parenteral drugs including those requiring delivery in containers made of polyolefins or polypropylene. For example, the AVIVA container system is compatible with and appropriate for use in the admixture and administration of paclitaxel. In addition, the AVIVA container system is compatible with and appropriate for use in the admixture and administration of all drugs deemed compatible with existing polyvinyl chloride container systems. The solution contact materials do not contain PVC, DEHP, or other plasticizers.

The suitability of the container materials has been established through biological evaluations, which have shown the container passes Class VI U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) testing for plastic containers. These tests confirm the biological safety of the container system.

The flexible container is a closed system, and air is prefilled in the container to facilitate drainage. The container does not require entry of external air during administration.

The container has two ports: one is the administration outlet port for attachment of an intravenous administration set and the other port has a medication site for addition of supplemental medication (See Directions for Use). The primary function of the overwrap is to protect the container from the physical environment.

Uses for PlasmaLyte A

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) is indicated as a source of water and electrolytes or as an alkalinizing agent.

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) is compatible with blood or blood components. It may be administered prior to or following the infusion of blood through the same administration set (i.e., as a priming solution), added to or infused concurrently with blood components, or used as a diluent in the transfusion of packed erythrocytes. PLASMA-LYTE A (multiple electrolytes injection) Injection and 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP are equally compatible with blood or blood components.

Dosage for PlasmaLyte A

As directed by a physician. Dosage is dependent upon the age, weight and clinical condition of the patient as well as laboratory determinations.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit. Do not administer unless solution is clear and seal is intact.

All injections in AVIVA plastic containers are intended for intravenous administration using sterile equipment.

Additives may be incompatible. Complete information is not available. Those additives known to be incompatible should not be used. Consult with pharmacist, if available. If, in the informed judgment of the physician, it is deemed advisable to introduce additives, use aseptic technique. Mix thoroughly when additives have been introduced. Do not store solutions containing additives.

HOW SUPPLIED

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) in AVIVA plasticcontainers is available as shown below:

Code  Size (mL) NDC
6E2544 1000 NDC 0338-6317-04
6E2543 500 NDC 0338-6317-03

Exposure of pharmaceutical products to heat should be minimized. Avoid excessive heat. It is recommended the product be stored at room temperature (25°C); brief exposure up to 40°C does not adversely affect the product.

Directions for Use of AVIVA Plastic Container

To Open

Tear overwrap down side at slit and remove solution container. Moisture and some opacity of the plastic due to moisture absorption during the sterilization process may be observed. This is normal and does not affect the solution quality or safety. The opacity will diminish gradually. Check for minute leaks by squeezing inner bag firmly. If leaks are found, discard solution as sterility may be impaired. If supplemental medication is desired, follow directions below.

Preparation for Administration

Caution: Do not use plastic containers in series connections.

Caution: Use only with a non-vented set or a vented set with the vent closed.

  1. Suspend container from eyelet support.
  2. Remove protector from outlet port at bottom of container.
  3. Attach administration set. Refer to complete directions accompanying set.
To Add Medication

Additives may be incompatible.

To add medication before solution administration
  1. Prepare medication site.
  2. Using syringe with 19 to 22 gauge needle, puncture resealable medication port and inject.
  3. Mix solution and medication thoroughly. For high density medication such as potassium chloride, squeeze ports while ports are upright and mix thoroughly.
To add medication during solution administration
  1. Close clamp on the set.
  2. Prepare medication site.
  3. Using syringe with 19 to 22 gauge needle, puncture resealable medication port and inject.
  4. Remove container from IV pole and/or turn to an upright position.
  5. Evacuate both ports by squeezing them while container is in the upright position.
  6. Mix solution and medication thoroughly.
  7. Return container to in use position and continue administration.

Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, IL 60015 USA, Rev. August 2005. FDA rev date: 4/3/2002

Side Effects for PlasmaLyte A

Reactions which may occur because of the solution or the technique of administration include febrile response, infection at the site of injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the site of injection, extravasation, and hypervolemia.

If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures, and save the remainder of the fluid for examination if deemed necessary.

Drug Interactions for PlasmaLyte A

Caution must be exercised in the administration of PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) to patients receiving corticosteroids or corticotropin.

Studies have not been conducted to evaluate additional drug/drug or drug/food interactions with PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP).

Warnings for PlasmaLyte A

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, and in clinical states in which there exists edema with sodium retention.

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with hyperkalemia, severe renal failure, and in conditions in which potassium retention is present.

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) should be used with great care in patients with metabolic or respiratory alkalosis. The administration of acetate or gluconate ions should be done with great care in those conditions in which there is an increased level or an impaired utilization of these ions, such as severe hepatic insufficiency.

The intravenous administration of PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (multiple electrolytes injection) (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states, or pulmonary edema. The risk of dilutional states is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of the injection. The risk of solute overload causing congested states with peripheral and pulmonary edema is directly proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of the injection.

In patients with diminished renal function, administration of PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) may result in sodium or potassium retention.

Precautions for PlasmaLyte A

General

Do not connect flexible plastic containers of intravenous solutions in series, i.e., do not piggyback connections. Such use could result in air embolism due to residual air being drawn from one container before administration of the fluid from a secondary container is completed.

Pressurizing intravenous solutions contained in flexible plastic containers to increase flow rates can result in air embolism if the residual air in the container is not fully evacuated prior to administration.

Use of a vented intravenous administration set with the vent in the open position could result in air embolism. Vented intravenous administration sets with the vent in the open position should not be used with flexible plastic containers.

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) should be used with caution. Excess administration may result in metabolic alkalosis.

Laboratory Tests

Clinical evaluation and periodic laboratory determinations are necessary to monitor changes in fluid balance, electrolyte concentrations, and acid base balance during prolonged parenteral therapy or whenever the condition of the patient warrants such evaluation.

Carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, impairment of fertility

Studies with PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) have not been performed to evaluate carcinogenic potential, mutagenic potential, or effects on fertility.

Pregnancy: Teratogenic Effects

Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP). It is also not known whether PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (multiple electrolytes injection) (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. PLASMA-LYTE

A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

Labor and Delivery

Studies have not been conducted to evaluate the effects of PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) on labor and delivery. Caution should be exercised when administering this drug during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) is administered to a nursing woman.

Pediatric Use

Safety and effectiveness of PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) in pediatric patients have not been established by adequate and well controlled trials, however, the use of electrolyte solutions in the pediatric population is referenced in the medical literature. The warnings, precautions and adverse reactions identified in the label copy should be observed in the pediatric population.

Geriatric Use

Clinical studies of PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elkerly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or drug therapy.

This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.

Overdose Information for PlasmaLyte A

No information provided.

Contraindications for PlasmaLyte A

None known

Clinical Pharmacology for PlasmaLyte A

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) has value as a source of water and electrolytes. It is capable of inducing diuresis depending on the clinical condition of the patient.

PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) produces a metabolic alkalinizing effect. Acetate and gluconate ions are metabolized ultimately to carbon dioxide and water, which requires the consumption of hydrogen cations.

Patient Information for PlasmaLyte A

No information provided. Please refer to the WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS sections.

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